Yehualaw, 22, clocked 63 minutes and 43 seconds which cut 19 seconds off the previous mark set by Kenyan Ruth Chepngetich earlier this year.
The Ethiopian was under world record pace all the way.
Her compatriot Jemal Yimer won the men's event in 60:29 as he edged out another Ethiopian Tesfahun Akalnew.
Yimer had one second to spare from Akalnew with Kenyan Shadrack Kimining a further second back as he completed an all-African top three.
