The man died when the dome of a church that was being renovated in the town of Arkalochori caved in.
People were sent rushing out on to the streets when the earthquake struck at 09:17 (06:17 GMT).
Many buildings were damaged and some reduced to piles of rubble from the initial quake and strong aftershocks.
People who live in damaged, older buildings are being advised to stay outdoors.
Some 2,500 tents were set up to house those who could not safely return to their homes on Monday, government minister Christos Stylianidis told Greece's Ant1 news.