Messi captained Argentina, scored seven times and won the Golden Ball as his country won the 2022 World Cup in Qatar in December.
He is the first athlete to win the team and individual awards in the same year.
Sportswoman of the year went to Jamaican sprinter Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce.
She won the women's 100m world title at the World Athletics Championships in Oregon in July, becoming the first person to win five golds in an individual track event at the championships.
